Cat Malocclusion: Symptoms, Causes, and Effective Treatments
Like humans, cats can experience dental issues, including malocclusion. Malocclusion occurs when cats’ upper and lower teeth do not align properly. This misalignment can range from minor to severe and potentially impact their oral health.
Symptoms of Cat Malocclusion
Not all cases of malocclusion require immediate treatment. However, a veterinarian’s evaluation is necessary to determine the severity. Symptoms may include:
- Gum irritation or redness, particularly if teeth frequently collide.
- Visible signs of gum ulcers, swelling, or bleeding.
- Excessive tooth wear, such as exposing the pulp, can lead to infections like pulpitis or root canal inflammation.
- Pain while eating or reluctance to chew, causing appetite loss.
Causes and Impact of Malocclusion in Cats
When left untreated, malocclusion can lead to complications:
- Traumatic contact between teeth: Constant collision between specific teeth (e.g., molars) may cause gum inflammation or severe gum discolouration.
- Pulp exposure: Exposed pulp can allow bacterial entry, leading to more severe conditions such as periodontitis or abscesses.
- Growth interference: Malocclusion can hinder proper jaw development in kittens, necessitating prompt intervention.
Effective Treatments for Cat Malocclusion
1. Tooth Extraction
Extraction is often the primary solution, especially for severe malocclusions. However, essential teeth like canines and molars are typically preserved unless unavoidable.
2. Tooth Reshaping
Mild malocclusions can sometimes be managed by filing or reshaping teeth to minimize trauma to gums and adjacent teeth. Caution is crucial to avoid exposing the pulp during this process.
3. Pulpotomy or Crown Reduction
For advanced cases, pulpotomy is recommended. This involves removing a portion of the tooth crown and performing root canal therapy. This approach prevents further soft tissue damage and relieves pain effectively.
Importance of Specialized Care
Dental procedures for cats require skilled veterinary professionals and specialized equipment. For optimal outcomes, ensure your chosen clinic is equipped with advanced dental tools and experienced staff.
